Nkhani ndi Press

M'zaka zaposachedwa, zina zachitika bwino m'munda wazinthu zobiriwira, zomwe zadziwika ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamsika wapakhomo komanso wapadziko lonse lapansi.Zopangira zopangira zobiriwira komanso zokometsera zachilengedwe zimatanthawuza zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) popanga, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kubwezeretsanso, zomwe ndizosavuta kuti anthu azigwiritsa ntchito komanso sizingawononge chilengedwe, ndipo zitha kuwonongeka. kapena kubwezerezedwanso ndi iwo okha akatha ntchito.

Pakadali pano, timakonda kwambiri zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimagawidwa m'mitundu inayi: zida zamapepala, zida zachilengedwe, zowonongeka, zodyedwa.

1. MapepalaZipangizo

Zida zamapepala zimachokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe zamatabwa.Chifukwa chaubwino wakuwonongeka mwachangu, kubwezerezedwanso kosavuta komanso kusiyanasiyana kogwiritsa ntchito, zida zamapepala zakhala zida zophatikizira zobiriwira zobiriwira zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yayikulu kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito komanso kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali kwambiri.

Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kumawononga nkhuni zambiri.Zamkati zopanda matabwa ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama popanga mapepala, monga bango, udzu, bagasse, miyala ndi zina, m'malo mwa matabwa, zomwe zingawononge chilengedwe.

Pambuyo kugwiritsa ntchitokuyika mapepala, sichidzawononga kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, ndipo ikhoza kusinthidwa kukhala zakudya.Choncho, mumpikisano woopsa wamakono wa zipangizo zopangira mapepala, mapepala a mapepala akadali ndi malo, ndi ubwino wake wapadera.

2. Zachilengedwe zachilengedwe

Zida zonyamula zachilengedwe zachilengedwe zimaphatikizanso zida zopangira ulusi ndi zowuma, zomwe zili pamwamba pa 80%, ndi zabwino zake zosaipitsa, zongowonjezedwanso, zosavuta kukonza komanso zowoneka bwino komanso zothandiza.Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, zakudya zomwe zasiyidwa zimatha kusinthidwa ndikuzindikira kuzungulira kwachilengedwe.

Zomera zina ndi zida zomangirira zachilengedwe, bola ngati kukonza pang'ono kumatha kukhala kununkhira kwachilengedwe kwa ma CD, monga masamba, mabango, nsungwi, nsungwi, ndi zina zotere.phukusikukhala ndi maonekedwe okongola ndi kukoma kwa chikhalidwe, zomwe zingapangitse anthu kumva kuti abwerere ku chilengedwe ndikukhala ndi kumverera kwa chilengedwe choyambirira.

3. Zida zowonongeka

Zida zowonongeka zimachokera ku pulasitiki, kuwonjezera photosensitizer, wowuma wosinthidwa, wothandizira zowonongeka kwachilengedwe ndi zipangizo zina zopangira, kuchepetsa kukhazikika kwa pulasitiki yachikhalidwe, kufulumizitsa kuwonongeka kwake mofulumira m'chilengedwe kuti kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe.Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zowonongera, zitha kugawidwa m'zinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka ndi biodegradable, zinthu zomwe zimatha kujambulidwa, zida zowonongeka ndi mawotchi owonongeka ndi makina owonongeka.

Pakali pano, okhwima kwambiri miyambo degradable zipangizo zimagwiritsa ntchito, monga wowuma m'munsi, asidi polylactic, PVA filimu;Zida zina zatsopano zowonongeka, monga cellulose, chitosan, mapuloteni ndi zinthu zina zowonongeka zilinso ndi chitukuko chachikulu.

4. Zida zodyera

Zida zodyedwa makamaka ndi zinthu zomwe zimatha kudyedwa mwachindunji kapena kulowetsedwa ndi thupi la munthu.Monga: lipid, CHIKWANGWANI, wowuma, mapuloteni, ndi mphamvu zina zongowonjezwdwa.Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ndi luso lamakono, zipangizozi zimakula kwambiri ndipo zimakwera pang'onopang'ono m'zaka zaposachedwa, koma chifukwa ndi zakudya zopangira chakudya, komanso ukhondo wokhwima umafunika pakupanga zomwe zimabweretsa ndalama zambiri.

Kwa ma CD otsika oteteza zachilengedwe, kukulitsa zobiriwira zatsopanokuyikazipangizo ziyenera kukhala zofunika kwambiri, nthawi yomweyo ma CD mapangidwe ayenera kukhala othandiza.Zida zopangira zotetezera zachilengedwe pamapangidwe azonyamula zizikhala chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri mtsogolo.

Kupyolera mu kusintha kwa mapangidwe, mapangidwe opepuka, kuonjezera kukonzanso ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo, tidzakwaniritsa zotsatira za zolinga zambiri, kuti tichepetse kugwiritsa ntchito zachilengedwe.